鍛件的可鍛性通常是在熱狀態(tài)下進(jìn)行的，鍛件的可鍛性是金屬在熱狀態(tài)下經(jīng)受壓力加工時(shí)塑形變形的過程。鍛件廠對(duì)鍛件的可鍛性優(yōu)劣常用金屬的塑形和變形抗力兩個(gè)指標(biāo)來綜合考慮。
　
　　那么影響鍛件可鍛性的因素首先是金屬的成分，純金屬好于合金，低碳鋼優(yōu)于高碳鋼，低碳鋼合金鋼優(yōu)于高碳高合金鋼；有害雜質(zhì)元素一般使可鍛性變壞。還有就是鍛件使用金屬的組織，單項(xiàng)組織好于多想組織；鑄態(tài)下的柱狀組織、粗晶粒組織、晶界上存在偏析、或有共結(jié)晶組織都會(huì)使鍛件的可鍛性變差。最后還應(yīng)當(dāng)考慮鍛件廠的加工條件：1、變形溫度：一般隨變形溫度的升高，可提高金屬的可鍛性；當(dāng)溫度接近熔點(diǎn)時(shí)，會(huì)引起過燒，是可鍛性急劇降低。2、變形速度：一方面隨著變形速度的增加，回復(fù)與再結(jié)晶過程來不及進(jìn)行，不能及時(shí)消除加工硬化現(xiàn)象，故使塑形降低，變形抗力增大，可鍛性變差。另一方面隨著變形速度的增高，產(chǎn)生熱效應(yīng)，是金屬的塑形升高，變形抗力降低，又有利于改善可鍛性。3、應(yīng)力狀態(tài)：拉應(yīng)力成分?jǐn)?shù)量愈多，要求鍛件材料塑形愈好；壓應(yīng)力成分?jǐn)?shù)量愈多，可降低對(duì)材料塑性的要求。
　
　
　　The forging of the forging is usually carried out in a hot state, and the forging of the forging is the process of shaping the metal in a hot state subjected to pressure processing. Forging plant forging the advantages and disadvantages of commonly used metal shaping and deformation resistance to the two indicators to consider.
　
　　Then the factors that affect the forging of the first thing is the metal composition, pure metal is better than the alloy, low carbon steel is better than high carbon steel, low carbon steel alloy steel is better than high carbon high alloy steel; harmful impurities generally make malleable Bad. There is a metal for the use of forging organization, the organization is better than want to organize a single organization; as the column under the column structure, coarse grain structure, grain boundary segregation, or a total of crystalline structure will make forging mismatch worse. Finally, we should also consider the processing conditions of the forging plant: 1, deformation temperature: generally with the deformation of the temperature rise, can improve the malleability of the metal; when the temperature close to the melting point, it will cause burning, is a sharp reduction in malleability. 2, the deformation speed: on the one hand with the increase in the speed of deformation, recovery and recrystallization process too late, can not promptly eliminate the phenomenon of hardening, so that shaping down, deformation resistance increases, malleable deterioration. On the other hand, with the increase of the deformation speed, the thermal effect is caused by the increase of the shape of the metal, the decrease of the deformation resistance and the improvement of the malleability. 3, the stress state: the greater the number of tensile stress components, the better forging the material forging; the number of compressive stress components, can reduce the plastic requirements of the material.