鍛件的鍛后處置是影響其最終機(jī)械性能的重要環(huán)節(jié)。均勻冷卻的鍛件會(huì)產(chǎn)生均勻的內(nèi)部組織和均勻的機(jī)械性能，給下步熱處理提供良好的先決條件。好的鍛件尤如生出一個(gè)又聰明、又健康、又漂亮的娃娃，后續(xù)的教育能夠順利培養(yǎng)其上大學(xué)深造。否則，如果生出一個(gè)帶有先天性體內(nèi)和智力缺陷的孩子，那么后續(xù)的熱處理工序是難以保證其考試及格、順利上大學(xué)的。
　
　　常見鍛件成形后的冷卻方式:
　
　　1.高碳鋼和高合金鋼，為了防止表面開裂，需要鍛后堆冷、爐冷、埋沙冷或爐前烘烤緩冷，然后及時(shí)進(jìn)行熱處理。
　
　　2.奧氏體不銹鋼需要鍛后立即入水。目的是盡快保持住其現(xiàn)有晶粒尺寸，不要發(fā)生長大。同時(shí)，也不希望有更多的內(nèi)部組織或質(zhì)點(diǎn)析出，然后再固溶處理。
　
　　3.所有其它常規(guī)的中低碳鋼和中低合金鋼鍛件，鍛后必須墊起空冷。目的是使其冷卻均勻、組織均勻和性能均勻，防止晶粒長大和出現(xiàn)混晶，便于書寫標(biāo)識(shí)。黑色金屬鍛件入爐熱處理前的表面溫度不能小于50℃，防止出現(xiàn)白點(diǎn)。
　
　　常規(guī)中低碳鋼、合金鋼鍛件的冷卻要求:
　
　　1.大型鍛件（通常重量大于500kg或平面尺寸大于300mm），一般都不允許直接放在地面上冷卻，因?yàn)闀?huì)產(chǎn)生上下兩面冷卻不均勻、組織性能不均勻。
　
　　2.對于常規(guī)大型鍛件的鍛后冷卻，合理的方法有下列三種：①墊起空冷；②搭起空冷，比如搭在墊鐵上或先前鍛造的較冷鍛件上；③摞放時(shí)上下層間要墊起，通常按10%高度計(jì)算，即1000mm截面要墊高100，2000mm墊高200等。
　
　
　　Forging forging is an important part of the ultimate mechanical properties. Uniformly cooled forging will produce uniform internal organization and uniform mechanical properties, to the next step heat treatment to provide a good prerequisite. Good forging, such as giving birth to a smart, healthy, and beautiful dolls, follow-up education to successfully cultivate its college. Otherwise, if you give birth to a congenital and mental retardation of the child, then the follow-up heat treatment process is difficult to ensure that the examination pass, go to college.
　
　　Common forging After forming the cooling method:
　
　　1. High-carbon steel and high-alloy steel, in order to prevent surface cracking, the need for forging after the cold, cold furnace, buried sand or baking cool before the furnace, and then timely heat treatment.
　
　　2. Austenitic stainless steel is required to enter the water immediately after forging. The purpose is to keep its existing grain size as soon as possible, do not grow up. At the same time, do not want to have more internal organization or particle precipitation, and then solution treatment.
　
　　3. All other conventional medium and low carbon steel and medium and low alloy steel forgings, after forging must be air-cooled. The purpose is to make it evenly cooled, uniform and uniform performance, to prevent grain growth and the emergence of mixed crystal, easy to write logo. Ferrous metal forging into the furnace before the heat treatment surface temperature can not be less than 50 ℃, to prevent the emergence of white spots.
　
　　Conventional medium and low carbon steel, alloy steel forgings cooling requirements:
　
　　1. Large forgings (usually more than 500kg weight or plane size greater than 300mm), are generally not allowed to directly on the ground cooling, because it will produce uneven cooling on both sides, uneven organizational performance.
　
　　2. For the conventional large forging forging after the cooling, a reasonable method has the following three: ① pad from the air cooling; ② put up air cooling, such as on the horn or the previous forging cold cold forging; ③ stacking up and down Between the pad, usually 10% height calculation, that is, 1000mm cross-section to be high 100,2000 mm pad height 200 and so on.